PAL.C.T MINI SHELL
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<title>ġ 丮: CGI - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="../">Version 2.4</a> > <a href="./">How-To / Tutorials</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>ġ 丮: CGI </h1>
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<p><span> : </span><a href="../en/howto/cgi.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
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<div class="outofdate"> ֽ ƴմϴ.
ֱٿ ϼ.</div>
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<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#intro">Ұ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#configuring">CGI ϵ ġ ϱ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#writing">CGI α ۼϱ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#troubleshoot"> ʾƿ!</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#behindscenes">ڿ °?</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#libraries">CGI /̺귯</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#moreinfo"> ...</a></li>
</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="section">
<h2><a name="intro" id="intro">Ұ</a></h2>
<table class="related"><tr><th>õ </th><th>õ þ</th></tr><tr><td><ul><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html">mod_alias</a></code></li><li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_cgi.html">mod_cgi</a></code></li></ul></td><td><ul><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li><li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code></li></ul></td></tr></table>
<p>CGI (Common Gateway Interface) CGI α
Ȥ CGI ũƮ θ, ( ) ܺ
α ϴ Ѵ. Ʈ
ϰ ̴. ġ
CGI ϴ Ұϰ, CGI α
ۼغ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="configuring" id="configuring">CGI ϵ ġ ϱ</a></h2>
<p>CGI α ùٷ Ϸ CGI ϵ
ġ ؾ Ѵ. ϴ .</p>
<h3><a name="scriptalias" id="scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></h3>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code>
þ ϸ ġ Ư 丮 CGI α
д. ġ 丮 ִ CGI
α̶ Ͽ Ŭ̾Ʈ ڿ ûϸ ڿ
Ϸ õѴ.</p>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code>
þ Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/
</code></p></div>
<p> ġ ⺻ ҿ ġ
<code>httpd.conf</code> Ͽ ִ ̴. <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> þ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#alias">Alias</a></code> þ URL
պκ Ư 丮 Ѵ.
<code class="directive">Alias</code>
<code class="directive">ScriptAlias</code> <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> 丮 ۿ ִ
丮 Ѵ. <code class="directive">Alias</code>
<code class="directive">ScriptAlias</code>
<code class="directive">ScriptAlias</code> ߰ URL պκ
ϴ CGI α ϴ ̴.
ġ <code>/cgi-bin/</code>
ϴ ڿ ûϸ
<code>/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/</code> 丮
ãƼ CGI α ó϶ ˸.</p>
<p> , URL
<code>http://www.example.com/cgi-bin/test.pl</code>
ûϸ ġ
<code>/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/test.pl</code>
Ͽ ȯѴ. ϰ డϸ
ε ؾ Ѵ. ġ
.</p>
<h3><a name="nonscriptalias" id="nonscriptalias">ScriptAlias 丮 ۿ ִ CGI</a></h3>
<p> Ȼ CGI α <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_alias.html#scriptalias">ScriptAlias</a></code> 丮
Ѵ. ڴ CGI α
ִ ִ. ġ
ߴٸ ƹ 丮 CGI α
. , <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_userdir.html#userdir">UserDir</a></code> þ Ͽ
ڰ ڽ Ȩ丮 츦
. ڰ ڽ CGI α ϰ
<code>cgi-bin</code> 丮 ٱ ٸ, ٸ
CGI α ϰ ̴.</p>
<p>ƹ 丮 CGI Ϸ
ʿϴ. , <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code> <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#sethandler">SetHandler</a></code> þ Ͽ
<code>cgi-script</code> ڵ鷯 ۵ؾ Ѵ. ι°,
<code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> þ
<code>ExecCGI</code> ؾ Ѵ.</p>
<h3><a name="options" id="options">Options Ͽ CGI ϱ</a></h3>
<p> ּϿ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> þ Ͽ Ư
丮 CGI ִ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<Directory /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/somedir><br />
<span class="indent">
Options +ExecCGI<br />
</span>
</Directory>
</code></p></div>
<p> þ ġ CGI Ѵ.
CGI ˷ Ѵ. <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addhandler">AddHandler</a></code> þ
Ȯڰ <code>cgi</code> <code>pl</code>
CGI α̶ ˸.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
</code></p></div>
<h3><a name="htaccess" id="htaccess">.htaccess </a></h3>
<p><a href="htaccess.html"><code>.htaccess</code> 丮</a>
<code>httpd.conf</code> ٱ 쿡 CGI α
ִ ˷ش.</p>
<h3><a name="userdir" id="userdir"> 丮</a></h3>
<p>Ʒ ϸ 丮 <code>.cgi</code>
CGI α Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<Directory /home/*/public_html><br />
<span class="indent">
Options +ExecCGI<br />
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi<br />
</span>
</Directory>
</code></p></div>
<p> ϸ 丮 <code>cgi-bin</code>
丮 ִ CGI α νѴ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
<Directory /home/*/public_html/cgi-bin><br />
<span class="indent">
Options ExecCGI<br />
SetHandler cgi-script<br />
</span>
</Directory>
</code></p></div>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="writing" id="writing">CGI α ۼϱ</a></h2>
<p>``Ϲ'' αְ CGI α ̿ ΰ
ֵ ִ.</p>
<p>ù° ̴ CGI α ٸ ϱ
MIME-type ؾ Ѵٴ ̴. HTTP
Ŭ̾Ʈ Ŭ̾Ʈ ްԵ ̸ ˸.
.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Content-type: text/html
</code></p></div>
<p>ι° ̴ HTML Ȥ ִ
ؾ Ѵٴ ̴. κ HTML ,
gif HTML ƴ ϴ CGI
α ۼϴ 쵵 ִ.</p>
<p>ΰ ϰ CGI α ۼ ̹
ٸ α ſ ϴ.</p>
<h3><a name="firstcgi" id="firstcgi">ó CGI α</a></h3>
<p> CGI α .
״ <code>first.pl</code>̶ Ͽ ϰ,
<code>cgi-bin</code> 丮 Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
#!/usr/bin/perl<br />
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";<br />
print "Hello, World.";
</code></p></div>
<p>Perl ͼ ʴ Ͼ
ִ. ù° ġ(Ȥ ϴ )
<code>/usr/bin/perl</code> ġ ִ Ͽ
α ϶ ˸. ι°
content-type ϰ carriage-return ٹٲ
ι Ѵ. ڿ HTTP ϴ
, Ѵ. ° "Hello, World."
ڿ Ѵ. ̰ ̴.</p>
<p> ϰ ּҸ ԷѴ</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
http://www.example.com/cgi-bin/first.pl
</code></p></div>
<p> Ҹ Էϸ, â <code>Hello, World.</code>
δ. е , ѹ ϴ
ٸ õ ִ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="troubleshoot" id="troubleshoot"> ʾƿ!</a></h2>
<p> CGI α Ҷ ִ
⺻ װ.</p>
<dl>
<dt>CGI α </dt>
<dd>! Ѵٴ ̴. Ȯ
ùٷ ó Ѵٸ, CGI α
ùٸ <code>Content-Type</code> Ͽ ȮѴ.</dd>
<dt>CGI α ҽڵ Ȥ "POST Method Not Allowed"
</dt>
<dd>CGI α ϵ ġ
ʾҴٴ ̴. <a href="#configuring">ġ ϱ</a>
ٽ а κ ִ ãƺ.</dd>
<dt>"Forbidden" ϴ </dt>
<dd> ִٴ ̴. <a href="#errorlogs">ġ
α</a> Ʒ <a href="#permissions">ϱ</a>
Ȯ϶.</dd>
<dt>"Internal Server Error" </dt>
<dd><a href="#errorlogs">ġ α</a> Ƹ
CGI α Բ "Premature end of
script headers" ̴. Ʒ ϳ
ȮϿ CGI α HTTP
ߴ ˾ƺ.</dd>
</dl>
<h3><a name="permissions" id="permissions">ϱ</a></h3>
<p> Ű ϶.
, ϸ Ư (
<code>nobody</code> <code>www</code>) Ѵ.
Ϸ ʿϴ.
Ͽ <code>nobody</code> ϱ
ֱ ο ش.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
chmod a+x first.pl
</code></p></div>
<p>, α ٸ аų ٸ Ͽ
ʿϴ.</p>
<h3><a name="pathinformation" id="pathinformation"> ȯ</a></h3>
<p> α ϸ ڵ
ȴ. , <code>PATH</code>
ã Ҹ ˷ش.</p>
<p> α CGI α Ҷ
<code>PATH</code> ٸ ִ. ( ,
<code>sendmail</code> ) CGI α ȿ ϴ
ɾ η ؾ ɾ ã
ִ.</p>
<p> CGI α ù° ٿ
ũƮ ( <code>perl</code>) ο
Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
#!/usr/bin/perl
</code></p></div>
<p> ȮѴ.</p>
<p>, CGI α ٸ <a href="#env">ȯ溯</a>
Ѵٸ ġ α ؾ
Ѵ.</p>
<h3><a name="syntaxerrors" id="syntaxerrors">α </a></h3>
<p>CGI α ϴ κ α ü
̴. Ư ΰ Ǽ ʾҰ
ִٸ . ϱ
α غ. ,
Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
cd /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin<br />
./first.pl
</code></p></div>
<p>(<code>perl</code> .
ġ ũƮ ù° ٿ ִ <a href="#pathinformation"> </a> Ͽ
ãƾ Ѵ.)</p>
<p>α <code>Content-Type</code>
HTTP ϰ ؾ Ѵ. ٸ
Ѵٸ ġ <code>Premature
end of script headers</code> ȯѴ. ڼ
<a href="#writing">CGI α ۼϱ</a> ϶.</p>
<h3><a name="errorlogs" id="errorlogs"> α</a></h3>
<p> α״ ̴. ߸Ǹ α
. α Ѵ. Ʈ
ȣϴ α ϰ Ѵٸ, Ƹ
ٸ ü ˾ƺ Ѵ. α ,
κ ľϿ ذ ִ.</p>
<h3><a name="suexec" id="suexec">Suexec</a></h3>
<p><a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a> α
ϸ ȣƮ Ȥ 丮 ִ
CGI α ٸ ִ.
Suexec ſ ϰ ˻ϸ, ˻縦 ϳ
ϸ CGI α ʰ <code>Premature
end of script headers</code> ȯѴ.</p>
<p>suexec ϰ ִ ˷ <code>apachectl -V</code>
Ͽ <code>SUEXEC_BIN</code> ġ ȮѴ. ġ
Ҷ ҿ suexec ߰ϸ, suexec
ִ.</p>
<p>suexec ߴٸ ؼ ȵȴ.
suexec <code>SUEXEC_BIN</code> ġ
ִ <code>suexec</code> (Ȥ ϸ
ٲٰ) ϸ ȴ. <a href="../suexec.html">suexec</a>
ϰ ʹٸ, <code>suexec -V</code> Ͽ suexec
α ġ ˾Ƴ αϿ Ģ
ִ ã´.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="behindscenes" id="behindscenes">ڿ °?</a></h2>
<p>CGI αֿ ͼ ڿ ϸ
ȴ. ü ϴ
ϴ ̴. "Hello, World." ϴ
α ۼ ̷ α
̴.</p>
<h3><a name="env" id="env">ȯ溯</a></h3>
<p>ȯ溯 ǻ ϴ
ٴϴ ̴. ȯ溯 path (ǻͰ Է
ɾ شϴ ã ), ڸ, ̳
. Ϲ ȯ溯
Ʈ <code>env</code> ԷѴ.</p>
<p>CGI Ҷ ȯ溯
ȯѴ. (Netscape, IE,
Lynx), (ġ, IIS, WebSite), ϴ CGI
α ִ.</p>
<p>CGI αӴ ̷ ְ,
ȯ溯 Ŭ̾Ʈ- ſ Ϻκ Ѵ.
ü ʼ <a href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html">http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/env.html</a> ִ.</p>
<p>Ʒ Perl CGI α ڽſ
ȯ溯 ش. ġ <code>cgi-bin</code>
丮 ̿ α ΰ ִ.
ʼ̰ ̴. Ͽ
δ. , ġ ⺻ ϴ ȯ溯
ܿ <a href="../env.html"> ȯ溯
߰ ִ</a>.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
#!/usr/bin/perl<br />
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";<br />
foreach $key (keys %ENV) {<br />
<span class="indent">
print "$key --> $ENV{$key}<br>";<br />
</span>
}
</code></p></div>
<h3><a name="stdin" id="stdin">STDIN STDOUT</a></h3>
<p>, Ŭ̾Ʈ ǥԷ(<code>STDIN</code>)
ǥ(<code>STDOUT</code>) Ѵ. ϻ
<code>STDIN</code> Ű峪 α óϴ
Ÿ, <code>STDOUT</code> ܼ̳ ȭ Ѵ.</p>
<p>CGI α (form) <code>POST</code>ϸ
Ŀ Է ڷḦ Ư CGI α
<code>STDIN</code> Ѵ. α Ű峪
Ͽ ڷḦ óϵ ڷḦ ó ִ.</p>
<p>"Ư " ſ ϴ. ̸ ȣ(=)
ϰ, ̸ ֵ ۻ(&)
Ѵ. , ۻ, ȣ ڿ ڴ
ȥ ʵ 16 ȯѴ. ڷ ڿ
.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
name=Rich%20Bowen&city=Lexington&state=KY&sidekick=Squirrel%20Monkey
</code></p></div>
<p> URL ڿ ̷ ڿ ȴ.
ڿ <code>QUERY_STRING</code>̶ ȯ溯 Ѵ.
̸ <code>GET</code> û̶ Ѵ. <code>FORM</code>
± <code>METHOD</code> Ӽ Ͽ HTML (form)
ڷḦ <code>GET</code> <code>POST</code> Ѵ.</p>
<p> α ̷ ڿ ɰ
Ѵ. ̷ ڷ ó CGI α ٸ
Ǵ ̺귯 ִ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="libraries" id="libraries">CGI /̺귯</a></h2>
<p>CGI α ۼҶ ۾ ִ ڵ
̺귯 Ȥ غ Ѵ. ̷
ϸ װ ٰ α ִ.</p>
<p>Perl CGI α ۼѴٸ <a href="http://www.cpan.org/">CPAN</a> ã
ִ. CGI ߿ θ Ǵ
<code>CGI.pm</code>̴. κ α ּ
<code>CGI::Lite</code> ִ.</p>
<p>C CGI α ۼѴٸ .
ϳ <a href="http://www.boutell.com/cgic/">http://www.boutell.com/cgic/</a>
ִ <code>CGIC</code> ̺귯.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="moreinfo" id="moreinfo"> ...</a></h2>
<p> ſ CGI ִ. <a href="news:comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi">comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi</a>
CGI ִ. HTML Writers Guild -servers
ϸƮ ã Ǹ Ҵ. <a href="http://www.hwg.org/lists/hwg-servers/">http://www.hwg.org/lists/hwg-servers/</a>
ִ.</p>
<p> CGI α ۿ
CGI Ծ о . <a href="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/interface.html">NCSA</a>
ְ, ʾ <a href="http://web.golux.com/coar/cgi/">Common Gateway Interface
RFC Ʈ</a> ִ.</p>
<p>ϸƮ 쿡 ݰ ִ CGI
Ҷ ,
ٸ, ϴ , CGI α ۼ
, ϸ ش ڵ带 ڼ . ذå
ã .</p>
<p>ġ ҽڵ尡 ߸Ǿٰ Ȯ ʴ CGI
ġ ͺ̽ ø <strong></strong>
ȵȴ.</p>
</div></div>
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<a href="../ko/howto/cgi.html" title="Korean"> ko </a></p>
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