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<title> (Content Negotiation) - Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/"></a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">þ</a> | <a href="http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/FAQ">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html"></a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Ʈ</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.4</p>
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<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="<-" alt="<-" src="./images/left.gif" /></a></div>
<div id="path">
<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.4</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1> (Content Negotiation)</h1>
<div class="toplang">
<p><span> : </span><a href="./en/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="./fr/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<a href="./ja/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
<a href="./ko/content-negotiation.html" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
</div>
<div class="outofdate"> ֽ ƴմϴ.
ֱٿ ϼ.</div>
<p>ġ HTTP/1.1 Ծ (content
negotiation) Ѵ. media type, , ,
ڵ ȣ ڿ
ǥ Ѵ. ҿ
û óϴ ɵ ִ.</p>
<p>⺻ ϵǴ <code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code>
Ѵ.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#about"> </a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#negotiation">ġ </a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#methods"></a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#better">ǰ ϱ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#extensions">ڿ(transparent) Ȯ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#naming">۸ũ ̸Ģ Ͽ</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#caching">ij Ͽ</a></li>
</ul><ul class="seealso"><li><a href="#comments_section">Comments</a></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="about" id="about"> </a></h2>
<p>ڿ ٸ ǥ ִ. , ٸ
ٸ media type Ȥ ΰ ٸ ǥ
ִ. ǥ ϴ Ѱ ڿ
ְ ϰ ϴ ̴.
ڵ ϴ ͵ ϴ. ̴ û
Ϻη ȣϴ ǥ
ϴ. , Ҿ,
ٸ ʹٰ ˷ ִ.
û ȣ Ÿ. Ҿε ǥ
ûѴٸ .</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>Accept-Language: fr</code></p></div>
<p>̷ ȣ ǥ ٸ 쿡 ȴ.</p>
<p> û Ҿ
, Ҿ ȣϰ, media type
, Ϲ ؽƮ ٴ HTML, ٸ media type ٴ
GIF JPEG ȣѴٰ ˷ش.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Accept-Language: fr; q=1.0, en; q=0.5<br />
Accept: text/html; q=1.0, text/*; q=0.8, image/gif; q=0.6, image/jpeg; q=0.6, image/*; q=0.5, */*; q=0.1
</code></p></div>
<p>ġ HTTP/1.1 Ծ ǵ ' ֵ(server driven)'
Ѵ. ġ <code>Accept</code>,
<code>Accept-Language</code>, <code>Accept-Charset</code>,
<code>Accept-Encoding</code> û Ѵ.
, ġ RFC 2295 RFC 2296 ǵ
'ڿ(transparent)' û Ѵ.
RFC ǵ ' (feature negotiation)'
ʴ´.</p>
<p><strong>ڿ(resource)</strong> (RFC 2396) URI ϴ
. ġ ڿ
<strong>ǥ(representations)</strong> Ѵ. ǥ
media type, , ڵ Ʈ
ִ. ڿ ǥ (δ ִ) ȴ.
ڿ ǥ ִٸ ڿ
<strong>ϴٰ(negotiable)</strong> θ, ̶
ǥ <strong>(variant)</strong>̶ Ѵ.
ڿ
<strong>(dimension)</strong> Ѵ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="negotiation" id="negotiation">ġ </a></h2>
<p>ڿ ϱ ʿϴ.
ΰ ϳ ´:</p>
<ul>
<li> ϵ type map (<em>
</em>, <code>*.var</code> ) ϰų,</li>
<li> ʾƵ ϸ Ģ ãƼ
ϴ 'MultiViews' Ѵ.</li>
</ul>
<h3><a name="type-map" id="type-map">type-map ϱ</a></h3>
<p>type map <code>type-map</code>̶ ڵ鷯
(Ȥ ġ ȣȯ MIME type
<code>application/x-type-map</code>) .
Ϸ <code>type-map</code> ڵ鷯
Ȯڸ ؾ Ѵ. Ͽ
ϴ .</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>AddHandler type-map .var</code></p></div>
<p>Type map شϴ ڿ ̸ ƾ ϰ,
־ Ѵ. HTTP
ٷ ȴ. ٷ
Ѵ. ȿ . (̷
ʿ䰡 , ־ )
ִ map ϴ ̴.
map . ̸ <code>foo.var</code>,
<code>foo</code> ڿ Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
URI: foo<br />
<br />
URI: foo.en.html<br />
Content-type: text/html<br />
Content-language: en<br />
<br />
URI: foo.fr.de.html<br />
Content-type: text/html;charset=iso-8859-2<br />
Content-language: fr, de<br />
</code></p></div>
<p>typemap ϸ Ȯ , Multiviews
Ͽ, 켱 ϶. ٸ ǰ
ٸ, (JPEG, GIF, ASCII-art شϴ)
media type "qs" Ķͷ ǰ(source quality) ǥ
ִ:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
URI: foo<br />
<br />
URI: foo.jpeg<br />
Content-type: image/jpeg; qs=0.8<br />
<br />
URI: foo.gif<br />
Content-type: image/gif; qs=0.5<br />
<br />
URI: foo.txt<br />
Content-type: text/plain; qs=0.01<br />
</code></p></div>
<p>qs 0.000 1.000 ̴. qs 0.000
õ ϶. 'qs' 1.0
ȴ. qs Ŭ̾Ʈ ɷ° ٸ
Ͽ 'ǰ' Ÿ. ,
Ÿ JPEG ASCII Ϻٴ
ǰ . ڿ ASCII artٸ
ASCII ǥ JPEG ǥ ǰ ִ.
Ƿ qs ǥϷ ڿ
ٸ.</p>
<p>ϴ <a href="mod/mod_negotiation.html#typemaps">mod_negotation
typemap</a> ϶.</p>
<h3><a name="multiviews" id="multiviews">Multiviews</a></h3>
<p><code>MultiViews</code> 丮 ɼ̹Ƿ,
<code>httpd.conf</code>
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#directory"><Directory></a></code>,
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#location"><Location></a></code>,
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#files"><Files></a></code>
Ȥ (<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#allowoverride">AllowOverride</a></code>
Ǿٸ) <code>.htaccess</code>
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code> þ
ִ. <code>Options All</code> <code>MultiViews</code>
϶. Ѵ.</p>
<p><code>MultiViews</code> ϸ Ͼ:
<code>/some/dir/foo</code> û ް
<code>/some/dir/foo</code> <code>MultiViews</code> ϸ
<code>/some/dir/foo</code> <em></em> ,
丮 ̸ foo.* ϵ ϴ
type map . Ŭ̾Ʈ û media type
content-encoding ߿ Ѵ.</p>
<p><code>MultiViews</code> 丮 Ҷ
ã <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_dir.html#directoryindex">DirectoryIndex</a></code> þ
ȴ. ٸ,</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>DirectoryIndex index</code></p></div>
<p><code>index.html</code> <code>index.html3</code>
ִٸ ̵ ߿ ϳ Ѵ.
<code>index.cgi</code> ִٸ, װ Ѵ.</p>
<p>丮 ϳ Charset, Content-Type,
Language, Encoding Ǵϴ <code>mod_mime</code>
Ȯڸ ٸ, <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_mime.html#multiviewsmatch">MultiViewsMatch</a></code> þ
Ǵ. þ ڵ鷯, , ٸ Ȯ MultiViews
θ Ѵ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="methods" id="methods"></a></h2>
<p>ġ type-map ̳ 丮 ִ ϸ
־ ڿ ԵǸ ''
ϱ ϳ Ѵ. ġ
ϱ Ȯ Ͼ ڼ
ʿ . ñ Ѵ.</p>
<p>ΰ ִ:</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>ġ ˰ Ͽ ֵϴ
</strong> Ϲ 쿡 Ѵ. ġ ˰
Ʒ ڼ Ѵ. ˰ ϸ ġ
Ư
ǰ(quality factor) 'Ѵ'. ġ ǰ
ϴ Ʒ ڼ Ѵ.</li>
<li><strong>ڿ(Transparent) </strong>
RFC 2295 ǵ û 쿡
Ѵ. ''
οѴ. ˰
ȴ. ڿ ߿ ġ
RFC 2296 ǵ ' ˰(remote variant
selection algorithm)' û ִ.</li>
</ol>
<h3><a name="dimensions" id="dimensions"> </a></h3>
<table>
<tr valign="top">
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>Media Type</td>
<td> <code>Accept</code> ȣ Ÿ.
ǰ ִ. ǰ
("qs" Ķ) ִ.</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>Language</td>
<td> <code>Accept-Language</code> ȣ
Ÿ. ǰ ִ.
(Ȥ ƹ ) ִ.</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>Encoding</td>
<td> <code>Accept-Encoding</code> ȣ
Ÿ. ǰ ִ.</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>Charset</td>
<td> <code>Accept-Charset</code> ȣ
Ÿ. ǰ ִ.
media type Ķͷ Ÿ ִ.</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h3><a name="algorithm" id="algorithm">ġ ˰</a></h3>
<p>ġ '' (ִٸ)
ϱ Ʒ ˰ Ѵ. ˰
. Ѵ:</p>
<ol>
<li>, شϴ <em>Accept*</em>
˻ϰ, ǰ ű.
<em>Accept*</em> Ƶ ʴ ĺ
Ѵ. 4 ܰ .</li>
<li>
ĺ ϳ Ͽ '' ã´.
˻ Ͼ. ˻翡 õ
ܵȴ. ˻ ̸
ϰ 3 ܰ .
˻縦 Ѵ.
<ol>
<li><code>Accept</code> ǰ
media type ǰ Ͽ
Ѵ.</li>
<li> (language) ǰ
Ѵ.</li>
<li><code>Accept-Language</code> (ִٸ)
Ȥ <code>LanguagePriority</code>
þ (ִٸ)
Ѵ.</li>
<li> (text/html media type Ÿ)
'level' media Ķ Ѵ.</li>
<li><code>Accept-Charset</code>
charset media Ķ ã´.
ٸ ISO-8859-1 ȣѴ.
<code>text/*</code> media type
Ư հ ISO-8859-1
Ѵ.</li>
<li>ISO-8859-1 <em>ƴ</em> charset media Ķ
Ѵ. ٸ,
Ѵ.</li>
<li> ڵ Ѵ.
user-agent ڵ ִٸ
Ѵ. ʰ ڵ ڵȵ
ִٸ ڵȵ Ѵ.
ڵǾų ڵȵ
Ѵ.</li>
<li>content length Ѵ.</li>
<li> ù Ѵ. ̴ type-map
տ ų, 丮
ϸ ASCII ڵ Ͽ տ ̴.</li>
</ol>
</li>
<li> ˰ '' ߴ. ̰
. HTTP <code>Vary</code>
Ÿ ȴ. ( ij ڿ ijҶ
ִ.) .</li>
<li> ܰ迡 ߴٸ ( ϱ )
ȵ . ("No acceptable
representation" ϴ) 406 밡
HTML . , HTML
<code>Vary</code> Ÿ.</li>
</ol>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="better" id="better">ǰ ϱ</a></h2>
<p>ġ ġ ˰ Űʰ
ǰ Ѵ. ϰ Ȯ ʴ
(˰) ؼ.
θ ̴ Ϻδ ߸ ϵ
<code>Accept</code> . ϰ ùٸ
ٸ, ʴ´.</p>
<h3><a name="wildcards" id="wildcards">Media Type ϵī</a></h3>
<p><code>Accept:</code> û media type ȣ
Ÿ. , * ڿ̶ ϱ "image/*"
"*/*" 'ϵī' media type ִ.
û:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>Accept: image/*, */*</code></p></div>
<p>"image/" ϴ type ٸ type
ǹѴ.
ڽ ٷ ִ type ߰ ϵī带 .
:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Accept: text/html, text/plain, image/gif, image/jpeg, */*
</code></p></div>
<p> type ȣ ٸ ǥ ִٸ
װ͵ Ÿ ؼ.
ǰ ̴.</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>
Accept: text/html, text/plain, image/gif, image/jpeg, */*; q=0.01
</code></p></div>
<p> type ǰ ⺻ ( )
1.0 . ϵī */* ȣ 0.01 Ƿ
type ´ 쿡 ٸ type
ȴ.</p>
<p><code>Accept:</code> q <em></em>
"*/*" ִٸ, ġ ٶ ൿ q 0.01
Ѵ. , "type/*" ϵī忡 ("*/*"ٴ
ȣϵ) 0.02 Ѵ. <code>Accept:</code>
q media type ִٸ ̷ Ư ߰
<em>ʴ´</em>.
û ûѵ óѴ.</p>
<h3><a name="exceptions" id="exceptions">(language) </a></h3>
<p>ġ 2.0 ε巴 ϱ
˰ ܸ ߰ߴ.</p>
<p>Ŭ̾Ʈ û
<code>Accept-language</code> ´ Ѱ
ã , Ŭ̾Ʈ
"No Acceptable Variant" "Multiple Choices" .
̷ ϱ <code>Accept-language</code>
ϰ Ŭ̾Ʈ û Ȯ
ġ ִ. <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code>
þ ̷ ϳ Ȥ Ѵٸ ϰ
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>
þ Ǵϵ Ѵ.</p>
<p>, ´ ã θ ã
ִ. Ŭ̾Ʈ ϴ
<code>en-GB</code> û , HTTP/1.1 ǥؿ
<code>en</code>θ ǥõ Ϲ
Ѵ. ( ϴ ڰ Ϲ
Ƿ <code>Accept-Language</code>
<code>en-GB</code> ϰ <code>en</code>
Ȯ ߸ ϶.
Ŭ̾Ʈ ̷ ⺻ִ.) ٸ
ã Ͽ "No Acceptable Variants" ų
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code>
ư Ѵٸ, Ծ ϰ
<code>en-GB</code> <code>en</code> Ѵ.
Ϲ ġ θ ſ ǰ
Ŭ̾Ʈ Ͽ ߰Ѵ. Ŭ̾Ʈ
"en-GB; q=0.9, fr; q=0.8" ûϰ "en" "fr"
ִٸ, "fr" õ ϶. ̴ HTTP/1.1
ǥ Ű, ùٷ Ŭ̾Ʈ ȿ
ϱ̴.</p>
<p>ڰ ȣϴ ˾Ƴ (Ű Ư
URL- ) ϱ ġ 2.0.47
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> <code>prefer-language</code>
<a href="env.html">ȯ溯</a> νѴ. ȯ溯
ϰ ± Ѵٸ,
<code class="module"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html">mod_negotiation</a></code> شϴ Ϸ
õѴ. ٸ Ϲ Ѵ.</p>
<div class="example"><h3></h3><p><code>
SetEnvIf Cookie "language=(.+)" prefer-language=$1
</code></p></div>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="extensions" id="extensions">ڿ(transparent) Ȯ</a></h2>
<p>ġ ڿ Ȯ (RFC 2295)
ȮѴ. ο <code>{encoding ..}</code> Ư
content-encoding ĪѴ. RVSA/1.0 ˰
(RFC 2296) Ͽ ڵ ν ְ, ڵ
<code>Accept-Encoding</code> û ´ ڵ
鵵 ĺ ϵ ȮǾ. RVSA/1.0
ã ǰ Ҽ 5ڸ ݿø
ʴ´.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="naming" id="naming">۸ũ ̸Ģ Ͽ</a></h2>
<p>(language) Ѵٸ Ȯڸ
Ȯ Ƿ ϸ ٸ
̸Ģ ִ. (ڼ <a href="mod/mod_mime.html#multipleext">mod_mime</a>
϶.)</p>
<p> MIME-type Ȯ (<em> </em>,
<code>html</code>), 쿡 encoding Ȯ (<em>
</em>, <code>gz</code>), Ͽ ִ
Ȯڸ (<em> </em>, <code>en</code>)
.</p>
<p>:</p>
<ul>
<li>foo.en.html</li>
<li>foo.html.en</li>
<li>foo.en.html.gz</li>
</ul>
<p> ϸ Ͽ ȿϰ ȿ
۸ũ δ:</p>
<table class="bordered">
<tr>
<th>ϸ</th>
<th>ȿ ۸ũ</th>
<th>ȿ ۸ũ</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.html.en</em></td>
<td>foo<br />
foo.html</td>
<td>-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.en.html</em></td>
<td>foo</td>
<td>foo.html</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.html.en.gz</em></td>
<td>foo<br />
foo.html</td>
<td>foo.gz<br />
foo.html.gz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.en.html.gz</em></td>
<td>foo</td>
<td>foo.html<br />
foo.html.gz<br />
foo.gz</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.gz.html.en</em></td>
<td>foo<br />
foo.gz<br />
foo.gz.html</td>
<td>foo.html</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>foo.html.gz.en</em></td>
<td>foo<br />
foo.html<br />
foo.html.gz</td>
<td>foo.gz</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> ǥ ۸ũ Ȯڵ ̸
(<em> </em>, <code>foo</code>)
ִ. ־,
<em> </em> ̷ũ Ͼʰ
<code>html</code> <code>shtml</code>̳
<code>cgi</code> ִٴ ̴.</p>
<p> ۸ũ MIME-type (<em> </em>,
<code>foo.html</code>) ϰ ʹٸ (encoding Ȯڰ
ִٸ ̰͵ Ͽ) Ȯڸ MIME-type Ȯں
ʿ (<em> </em>, <code>foo.html.en</code>)
ξѴ.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="caching" id="caching">ij Ͽ</a></h2>
<p>ij ǥ ϸ ǥ û URL Ų.
URL ûϸ ij ǥ Ѵ.
ڿ ù° û
ijǾ û ij ߸ ִ.
̸ ġ ȯǴ û
HTTP/1.0 Ŭ̾Ʈ ij ϵ ǥø Ѵ. , ġ
ij ϴ HTTP/1.1
Ѵ.</p>
<p><code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mod_negotiation.html#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></code>
þ HTTP/1.0 ȣȯ Ŭ̾Ʈ( Ȥ ij)
û ij ְ Ѵ. þ
ȣƮ ϸ, ƱԸƮ ʴ´.
þ HTTP/1.1 Ŭ̾Ʈ û 谡 .</p>
<p>HTTP/1.1 Ŭ̾Ʈ ġ
˷ִ <code>Vary</code> HTTP .
Ͽ û ij 纻 ü ִ
Ǵ ִ. ij 纻
Ѵٸ <code>force-no-vary</code> <a href="env.html#special">ȯ溯</a> Ѵ.</p>
</div></div>
<div class="bottomlang">
<p><span> : </span><a href="./en/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="en" rel="alternate" title="English"> en </a> |
<a href="./fr/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="fr" rel="alternate" title="Français"> fr </a> |
<a href="./ja/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese"> ja </a> |
<a href="./ko/content-negotiation.html" title="Korean"> ko </a> |
<a href="./tr/content-negotiation.html" hreflang="tr" rel="alternate" title="Türkçe"> tr </a></p>
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