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><H1
><A
NAME="SQL-ALTERROLE"
></A
>ALTER ROLE</H1
><DIV
CLASS="REFNAMEDIV"
><A
NAME="AEN53402"
></A
><H2
>Name</H2
>ALTER ROLE -- change a database role</DIV
><A
NAME="AEN53405"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV"
><A
NAME="AEN53407"
></A
><H2
>Synopsis</H2
><PRE
CLASS="SYNOPSIS"
>ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> [ [ WITH ] <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>option</I
></TT
> [ ... ] ]
where <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>option</I
></TT
> can be:
SUPERUSER | NOSUPERUSER
| CREATEDB | NOCREATEDB
| CREATEROLE | NOCREATEROLE
| CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER
| INHERIT | NOINHERIT
| LOGIN | NOLOGIN
| CONNECTION LIMIT <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>connlimit</I
></TT
>
| [ ENCRYPTED | UNENCRYPTED ] PASSWORD '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>password</I
></TT
>'
| VALID UNTIL '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>timestamp</I
></TT
>'
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> RENAME TO <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>newname</I
></TT
>
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> SET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
> { TO | = } { <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
> | DEFAULT }
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> SET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
> FROM CURRENT
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> RESET <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
>
ALTER ROLE <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
> RESET ALL</PRE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53425"
></A
><H2
>Description</H2
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> changes the attributes of a
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> role.
</P
><P
> The first variant of this command listed in the synopsis can change
many of the role attributes that can be specified in
<A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
><I
>CREATE ROLE</I
></A
>.
(All the possible attributes are covered,
except that there are no options for adding or removing memberships; use
<A
HREF="sql-grant.html"
><I
>GRANT</I
></A
> and
<A
HREF="sql-revoke.html"
><I
>REVOKE</I
></A
> for that.)
Attributes not mentioned in the command retain their previous settings.
Database superusers can change any of these settings for any role.
Roles having <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can change any of these
settings, but only for non-superuser roles.
Ordinary roles can only change their own password.
</P
><P
> The second variant changes the name of the role.
Database superusers can rename any role.
Roles having <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can rename non-superuser
roles.
The current session user cannot be renamed.
(Connect as a different user if you need to do that.)
Because <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>MD5</TT
>-encrypted passwords use the role name as
cryptographic salt, renaming a role clears its password if the
password is <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>MD5</TT
>-encrypted.
</P
><P
>
The remaining variants change a role's session default for a
specified configuration variable. Whenever the role subsequently
starts a new session, the specified value becomes the session
default, overriding whatever setting is present in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>postgresql.conf</TT
> or has been received from the postgres
command line. This only happens at login time, so configuration
settings associated with a role to which you've <A
HREF="sql-set-role.html"
><I
>SET ROLE</I
></A
> will be ignored.
Superusers can change anyone's session defaults. Roles having
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
> privilege can change defaults for non-superuser
roles. Certain variables cannot be set this way, or can only be
set if a superuser issues the command.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53443"
></A
><H2
>Parameters</H2
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="VARIABLELIST"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>name</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The name of the role whose attributes are to be altered.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>SUPERUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOSUPERUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEDB</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEDB</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEROLE</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEROLE</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CREATEUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOCREATEUSER</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>INHERIT</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOINHERIT</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>LOGIN</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>NOLOGIN</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>CONNECTION LIMIT</TT
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>connlimit</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>PASSWORD</TT
> <TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>password</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>ENCRYPTED</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>UNENCRYPTED</TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>VALID UNTIL</TT
> '<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>timestamp</I
></TT
>'</DT
><DD
><P
> These clauses alter attributes originally set by
<A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
><I
>CREATE ROLE</I
></A
>. For more information, see the
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>CREATE ROLE</TT
> reference page.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>newname</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> The new name of the role.
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>configuration_parameter</I
></TT
><BR><TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set this role's session default for the specified configuration
parameter to the given value. If
<TT
CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
><I
>value</I
></TT
> is <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>DEFAULT</TT
>
or, equivalently, <TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>RESET</TT
> is used, the
role-specific variable setting is removed, so the role will
inherit the system-wide default setting in new sessions. Use
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>RESET ALL</TT
> to clear all role-specific settings.
<TT
CLASS="LITERAL"
>SET FROM CURRENT</TT
> saves the session's current value of
the parameter as the role-specific value.
</P
><P
> Role-specific variable setting take effect only at login;
<A
HREF="sql-set-role.html"
><I
>SET ROLE</I
></A
>
does not process role-specific variable settings.
</P
><P
> See <A
HREF="sql-set.html"
><I
>SET</I
></A
> and <A
HREF="runtime-config.html"
>Chapter 18</A
> for more information about allowed
parameter names and values.
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53515"
></A
><H2
>Notes</H2
><P
> Use <A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
><I
>CREATE ROLE</I
></A
>
to add new roles, and <A
HREF="sql-droprole.html"
><I
>DROP ROLE</I
></A
> to remove a role.
</P
><P
> <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> cannot change a role's memberships.
Use <A
HREF="sql-grant.html"
><I
>GRANT</I
></A
> and
<A
HREF="sql-revoke.html"
><I
>REVOKE</I
></A
>
to do that.
</P
><P
> Caution must be exercised when specifying an unencrypted password
with this command. The password will be transmitted to the server
in cleartext, and it might also be logged in the client's command
history or the server log. <A
HREF="app-psql.html"
><I
><I
>psql</I
></I
></A
> contains a command
<TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>\password</TT
> that can be used to safely change a
role's password.
</P
><P
> It is also possible to tie a
session default to a specific database rather than to a role; see
<A
HREF="sql-alterdatabase.html"
><I
>ALTER DATABASE</I
></A
>.
Role-specific settings override database-specific
ones if there is a conflict.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53529"
></A
><H2
>Examples</H2
><P
> Change a role's password:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD 'hu8jmn3';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Remove a role's password:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE davide WITH PASSWORD NULL;</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Change a password expiration date, specifying that the password
should expire at midday on 4th May 2015 using
the time zone which is one hour ahead of <ACRONYM
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>UTC</ACRONYM
>:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE chris VALID UNTIL 'May 4 12:00:00 2015 +1';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Make a password valid forever:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE fred VALID UNTIL 'infinity';</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Give a role the ability to create other roles and new databases:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE miriam CREATEROLE CREATEDB;</PRE
><P>
</P
><P
> Give a role a non-default setting of the
<A
HREF="runtime-config-resource.html#GUC-MAINTENANCE-WORK-MEM"
>maintenance_work_mem</A
> parameter:
</P><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>ALTER ROLE worker_bee SET maintenance_work_mem = 100000;</PRE
><P>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53545"
></A
><H2
>Compatibility</H2
><P
> The <TT
CLASS="COMMAND"
>ALTER ROLE</TT
> statement is a
<SPAN
CLASS="PRODUCTNAME"
>PostgreSQL</SPAN
> extension.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="REFSECT1"
><A
NAME="AEN53550"
></A
><H2
>See Also</H2
><A
HREF="sql-createrole.html"
><I
>CREATE ROLE</I
></A
>, <A
HREF="sql-droprole.html"
><I
>DROP ROLE</I
></A
>, <A
HREF="sql-set.html"
><I
>SET</I
></A
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